Computer Networks

There are several different network topologies, including:

1. 1. Bus Topology: In a bus topology, all devices are connected to a central cable called a bus. Data is transmitted along the bus, and each device receives the data and checks if it is intended for them.

   2. Star Topology: In a star topology, each device is connected to a central hub or switch. All communication between devices passes through the central hub. If one device fails, it does not affect the rest of the network.

   3. Ring Topology: In a ring topology, devices are connected in a circular manner, forming a ring. Each device is connected to the two adjacent devices, and data travels around the ring in one direction.

   4. Mesh Topology: In a mesh topology, each device is connected to every other device in the network. This creates multiple paths for data to travel, increasing redundancy and fault tolerance.

   5. Tree Topology: A tree topology, also known as a hierarchical topology, is a combination of bus and star topologies. Devices are arranged in a hierarchical structure, similar to a tree, with a central root node connected to multiple branches.

   6. Hybrid Topology: A hybrid topology is a combination of two or more different topologies. This allows for flexibility and scalability, as different topologies can be used in different parts of the network to suit specific requirements.