What is Machine Learning, and How Does It Relate to AI?

Machine learning is a subset of artificial intelligence (AI) that focuses on developing algorithms and models that enable computers to learn and make predictions or decisions based on data. It relates to AI by providing the underlying techniques and methods for systems to acquire knowledge and improve their performance over time. In essence, machine learning empowers AI systems to adapt, self-improve, and carry out tasks without being explicitly programmed for each step.